2022 IB Diploma Extended Essays

GDP per capita correlates to its very low HIV prevalence. In addition, reduced productivity from employees has negative impacts on the firms, which hinders a nation’s economic growth. Using figure 10 as a reference, reduced productivity would decrease aggregate supply, resulting in the opposite of figure 10, a rise in inflation and fall in real GDP. The increase of HIV illness in a region leads to an increase of impoverished families. When there is a decrease in the level of average income in a nation, the level of demand for a range of goods and services falls, which negatively impacts a nations GDP. Furthermore, people with limited income will struggle to afford necessary HIV treatment, which will allow for the greater risk of the spread of HIV in communities and the risk of death due to AIDS. Therefore, this shows the extent of the relationship between HIV prevalencemand GDP per capita in a nation. Figure 13. Number of People Living with HIV per 1000 compared to Unemployment Rate in Botswana, South Africa, and Australia 2005 - 2020

300

35

30

250

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (%)

25

200

20

150

15

100

10

50

5

0

0

NUMBER OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV PER 1000

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

YEAR

Botswana Unemployment

South Africa Unemployment

Australia Unemployment

Botswana HIV

South Africa HIV

Australia HIV

24