2022 IB Diploma Extended Essays

Using slow motion to measure the heights The centripetal force apparatus would sometimes malfunction, jerking and stopping unexpectedly. This meant that methods such as reading measurements from marks made on the beaker were not consistent. However, when videos were filmed that had these issues occur, they were quickly deleted and filmed again to reduce confusion and error. Using change of height opposed to maximum height The use of change in height allowed for the experiment to be repeated even if the starting height was not constant due to a change in beaker or the taping of the ruler. The starting heigh did not change during this experiment, although it was always measured and would not have affected the results if it had changed. The use of change in height also allows the precision of the experiment to evaluated more thoroughly as the trend would not pass though the origin if the maximum height was used. 3.4.3 Extension to the Experiment The experiment could be performed with a centripetal force apparatus that reaches higher speeds to determine if the relationship I have observed is correct and consistent at higher speeds. This would improve the accuracy of the experiment as the range of speeds used is very limited. The viscosity of the liquid could be increased to better simulate the flow of magma opposed to milk. This would be done through the use of syrup, motor oil or another viscous fluid. For this method to be effective, higher speeds would need to be used due to the resistance of force being higher. If the experiment were to be performed in a vacuum, the technology would have to used that could detect the displacement of the fluid, due to the nature of a vacuum. It may also be effective to compare the ratios of the radius, speed and amount of liquid used in order to compare to Io. Although this was not necessary for this experiment, as it is simply a model of how fluids are effected by centripetal force and speed. 4 Conclusion The positive relationship between speed and the change in height of the liquid demonstrate how the proximity of Io to Jupiter have influenced the movement of the volcanoes eastward form predictions. This is done through the investigation into the formation of volcanoes in relation to the displacement of magma on Io. The movement of magma under the surface of Io is influenced by the centripetal force that acts on the moon due to its orbit around Jupiter. This displaces magma from the side that faces Jupiter to the other side. Through this experiment the link between speed and the change in height of a liquid is explored and modeled. This conclusion is productive in supporting the placement of volcanoes on Io because is shows how fluids are displaced by speed. The model and research support how

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